A brief Biography Of the Prophet on Whom Be the peace and blessing Of Allah
Prophet Mohammed, (PBUH) was born in the year of The Elephant, 571 After Christ, of the Noble Arab family. “ Banu Hashim” whose lineage is traced Isma’il son Of Ibrahim, (On both peace)
When the Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) was a fetus in the womb of his mother, Amina, “ his father “ Abdullah” died .his mother was left to rear him until she died while he was only six years old of age.
Then his grandfather, Abdula Muttlib took over guardianship; and too died only two years after. then his uncle Abu Talib became his guardian.
Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) began his adulthood as a shepherd and is in – keeping with the tradition prophets, as righty said in the Hadith.
He was also engaged in trade, where he used to accompany his uncle to Syria. He was later engaged in a trade venture for The lady Khadijah , whom he shortly afterwards married, while he was only twenty five years of age. The prophet joined his people in important project like “ The pact of The noble for the Project relief of the oppressed” and he took part in the rebuilding of the Ka’abah.
After taking Khadijah as a wife, he took to seclusion, away from where he used to see among his people the worshipping of idols and similar behavior. So he would go, for contemplation, in to The cave of “Hira” overlooking the Ka’abah for nights on the end. During one of these seclusion, The angel Gabriel descended with the “ Message “ or “ “ revelations “ This was when he was forty years of age. The Angle Gabriel recited to him and he recited after him the words of Allah Most high said.
اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ (1) خَلَقَ الْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ عَلَقٍ (2) اقْرَأْ وَرَبُّكَ الْأَكْرَمُ (3) الَّذِي عَلَّمَ بِالْقَلَمِ (4) عَلَّمَ الْإِنْسَانَ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ
“ Read in the name of god, your creator and brought everything, spiritual animate and in animate into being. He created man from a clinging organism. Read : and realize that God, your Creator is Most generous. He taught by the pen, The main instrument of authorship . He taught Knowledge, the instrument of authorship. He taught what he did not know.”*1
Returning from this meeting in great fear his wife consoled his; and he was also consoled by waraqah bin Nawfal who had known something about Christianity.
Among the first who believed him was his wife, Khadijah, and his servant, Zaid bin Harithah, and his cousin Ali Ibn Abu Talib, who was under his guardianship, and Abu Bakr Al Sidiq, (on them all be peace)
When he called Quraish to Islam, they disbelieved him. And so obstructed him to their utmost. Thereafter some of the Muslims were forced to migrate to Abyssinia.
The ill treatment by The Quraish became severe after the death of his wife, Khadijah, and his uncle Abu Talib the same year, which ten years into his prophet hood.
So he set out for the city of Ta’f calling the people to Islam, and they turned away in a hostile , and so Allah graced him with The Night Journey (To Jerusalem ) and Ascension (to Heaven), in which Allah ordained the five obligatory prayers.
Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) presented himself to the tribes during the pilgrimage season the market places; and by this acquaintance the call reached “ Yathrib” and in it many disciples were made for him. When Quraish was determined to get rid of him by killing him. Allah ordained him The migration to Madinah, (Yathrib) to which most of the Muslims has migrated, the people of Madinah, who came to be called “ Al – Ansar” welcomed them in a hospital way, and all cooperated in the founding of the new Islamic society. They stood as one hand in hand untied against antagonist trends from the Jew Of Madinah, and the polytheists of Mecca, and others like them.
Armed confrontation (Ghazawat)took place the most important of which were The battles of Badr, Ohod, Ahzab and Khaibar, ending with the conquest of Mecca in The eighth year of Hijrah. This made the religion and its followers victorious , and the people began to enter Islam in great Leaps and bounds .
The prophet (PBUH) had seized the opportunity of truce which was concluded by The treaty of Al Hudiybiah, in the sixth year of Hijrah. And he sent letters to kings and leaders calling them to Islam, in – keeping with its universality.
The most distinguished of the contents of those letters , was epitomized in the citation of a verse ( from the Qur’an ) showing faith in the one Allah – Alone and portraying the dignity of man, for whom it was not proper to adopt a god from among members of his race; and for people to come to terms, on one word, if they didn’t respond to the call, at least they should accept the new situation and agreement of the Islamic society, which was formed in the Arabian peninsula, to deliver the trust of the call to all people. This verse is the word of Allah Most High said.
قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ.
“ Say to them : “ O you people of the first ( Torah and Gospel ): let us come to terms to agree among ourselves that we venerate and worship on one but God and shall not incorporate with Him other deities nor shall any of us take another for a godhead or tutelary guardian besides God”. And if they turn a deaf ear and insist upon hugging their irreverent conviction to their hearts, then say to them” Do then bear witness that conform our will to God’s blessed will, and this reflects conformity to Islam.”*1
And after exhausting the resistance on the part of the Jews and others, The prophet (PBUH) begun to secure the boundaries of the Arabian peninsula against the two great powers of the time, the Persian and the roman. He proposed an army under the command of Osamah Ibn Zaid. However at this time, the prophet (PBUH) passed away, at the age of sixty- three, after an eventful life of glorious deeds and continuous struggle for the sake of delivering the message , whose responsibility the righty guided caliphs ( The prophet’s four immediate successors) and succeeding generation have been born, following in his footsteps, in the call, whose tents Allah the Almighty, has laid down in word”
ادْعُ إِلَى سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَالْمَوْعِظَةِ الْحَسَنَةِ وَجَادِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ ضَلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ.
“ Invite people ( O Mohammed ) graciously to the path God, the path of rectitude, with wise, graceful and appropriate inducement which meet them on their own ground and propitiate them, each in his own capacity, to open the ears of their hearts and the eyes of their minds.
And reason with them in a logical, peaceable and gracious manner.”*1
The result of this activity was a vast state with boundaries from china in the east . until it reaches Europe in the west, Islam now has followers in Almost all parts of the globe, approximately 1000.000.000 million Muslims.